What Students Need to Know About the PSAT Exam: Your Questions Answered

The PSAT (Preliminary SAT) is an important standardized test that serves as both a practice run for the SAT and a qualifying exam for the National Merit Scholarship Program. Many students wonder how the PSAT affects their college admissions, what a good score is, and how to prepare effectively. Understanding the test format, scoring system, and study strategies can help you approach the PSAT with confidence. Whether you’re taking the exam for the first time or looking to improve your score, this guide answers all your key questions about the PSAT. Read on to learn everything you need to know, from registration details to expert test-taking tips.

Should I Take the PSAT or SAT?

Choosing between the PSAT and SAT depends on your academic goals, grade level, and college preparation plan. Both tests are designed by the College Board and share a similar format, but they serve different purposes. Here’s a breakdown to help you decide which test is right for you:

Purpose of Each Test

• PSAT (Preliminary SAT): Designed as a practice test for the SAT, the PSAT helps students familiarize themselves with the test format and question styles. It is also used for National Merit Scholarship qualification.
• SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test): The SAT is a standardized test used for college admissions, measuring skills in reading, writing, and math. It is accepted by most colleges and universities as part of the application process.

Who Should Take Each Test?

• Take the PSAT if:
  • You are in 10th or 11th grade and want to practice for the SAT.
  • You are aiming for the National Merit Scholarship Program (if taken in 11th grade).
  • You want to assess your strengths and weaknesses before taking the SAT.
• Take the SAT if:
  • You are in 11th or 12th grade and need a standardized test score for college applications.
  • You want to apply for scholarships that require SAT scores.
  • You have already practiced with the PSAT and are ready for the real test.

Key Differences Between the PSAT and SAT

Should You Take Both?

Many students take the PSAT first to prepare for the SAT, using their results to identify areas for improvement. Since the PSAT is not used for college admissions, it’s a great way to gain test experience without pressure. Once you feel prepared, you can take the SAT to meet college application requirements.

Final Verdict

If you’re in 10th or 11th grade, taking the PSAT is a smart way to prepare for the SAT while potentially qualifying for scholarships. If you’re in 11th or 12th grade and ready to apply to colleges, the SAT is the test you need. Ideally, students should take both tests at different stages to maximize their preparation and opportunities.

Is the PSAT Required?

The PSAT is not a mandatory test, but many high schools encourage or require students to take it as part of their college preparation process. While it does not directly impact college admissions, it serves several important purposes that can benefit students academically and financially.

Is the PSAT Mandatory for High School Students?

• The PSAT is not required by colleges, and students are not obligated to take it for graduation.
• However, some high schools or school districts require students to take the PSAT as a part of their curriculum or to assess college readiness.
• Even if it’s not mandatory, taking the PSAT is highly recommended for students planning to take the SAT and apply to college.

Why Should You Take the PSAT?

Even though it’s not required, the PSAT offers several benefits:

• Practice for the SAT: The PSAT closely mirrors the SAT in format and content, making it a great way to prepare.
• National Merit Scholarship Program (NMSP) Eligibility: If taken in 11th grade, a high score can qualify students for National Merit Scholarships, as well as other merit-based awards from colleges.
• Personalized Study Plan: The PSAT provides detailed score reports that highlight strengths and weaknesses, helping students focus their SAT preparation.
• College and Career Readiness Tools: Many students receive resources and guidance based on their PSAT performance to help with college and career planning

Can You Skip the PSAT?

Yes, students can skip the PSAT without penalty. However, skipping the test means missing out on an opportunity for SAT practice and scholarship consideration. If a student feels confident in their test-taking abilities and does not need SAT prep, they may opt to focus directly on SAT preparation instead.

Do Colleges Look at PSAT Scores?

Colleges do not consider PSAT scores in the admissions process, as the test is designed primarily for practice and scholarship qualification. Unlike the SAT or ACT, which are key factors in college applications, the PSAT serves as a preparatory exam to help students assess their strengths and weaknesses before taking the SAT. However, a high PSAT score in 11th grade can qualify students for the National Merit Scholarship Program (NMSP), which some colleges recognize for merit-based financial aid. While colleges won’t see your PSAT scores unless you actively share them, performing well can still be beneficial by boosting scholarship opportunities and improving SAT readiness. Ultimately, while PSAT scores won’t directly impact college acceptance, they can play a role in academic recognition and financial aid opportunities.

How Many People Get a Perfect Score on the PSAT?

Achieving a perfect score on the PSAT (1520) is extremely rare, as the test is designed to challenge students and differentiate skill levels. Each year, only a small percentage of test-takers—typically fewer than 1%—achieve a perfect or near-perfect score. Since the PSAT is slightly easier than the SAT and has a lower maximum score, reaching 1520 requires answering nearly every question correctly with minimal mistakes. While a perfect score is difficult to achieve, scoring in the top percentile (around 1400 or higher) is still an impressive feat and can qualify students for the National Merit Scholarship Program (NMSP). Instead of aiming for perfection, students should focus on understanding the test format, improving weak areas, and practicing regularly to achieve their highest possible score.

Does PSAT Reading Have Long Passages?

Yes, the PSAT Reading section includes long passages, similar to those found on the SAT. The section consists of five passages, each followed by multiple-choice questions that test comprehension, analysis, and reasoning skills. Passages can be drawn from literature, historical documents, social sciences, and natural sciences, with some including paired passages or graphical data. The length of each passage typically ranges from 500 to 750 words, requiring students to read efficiently while managing their time wisely. Since the PSAT is a timed test, practicing with long passages can help students build reading endurance and improve their ability to analyze complex texts quickly.

Is There a Grammar Section on the PSAT?

Yes, the PSAT includes a grammar section as part of the Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) portion of the test. The grammar-focused questions appear in the Writing and Language section, which consists of four passages with multiple-choice questions that assess grammar, punctuation, sentence structure, and writing style.

What Does the PSAT Grammar Section Cover?

The grammar portion of the PSAT tests students on several key areas, including:

• Grammar and Usage: Subject-verb agreement, pronoun clarity, verb tense consistency, and proper modifier placement.
• Punctuation Rules: Proper use of commas, colons, semicolons, and dashes.
• Sentence Structure: Identifying and correcting run-on sentences, fragments, and awkward phrasing.
• Word Choice and Style: Improving sentence clarity, conciseness, and tone.
• Logical Flow and Organization: Rearranging sentences and paragraphs to enhance coherence.

How to Prepare for the PSAT Grammar Section?

Students can improve their grammar skills by practicing with official PSAT practice tests, reviewing common grammar rules, and completing exercises on sentence structure and punctuation. Since the questions are context-based, meaning they are embedded in full passages rather than isolated sentences, practicing with real passages can help students get familiar with the format. Understanding these grammar concepts not only helps on the PSAT but also prepares students for the SAT and college-level writing.

Do You Have to Write a Paragraph on the PSAT?

No, the PSAT does not include a writing section that requires students to write a paragraph or essay. Unlike the old SAT, which previously had an optional essay, the PSAT strictly consists of multiple-choice questions. The Writing and Language section of the test focuses on grammar, sentence structure, punctuation, and improving written passages rather than requiring students to compose their own responses. Instead of writing paragraphs, students are tested on their ability to identify errors, improve clarity, and enhance logical flow within provided texts. While writing skills are important for college admissions essays and coursework, they are not directly assessed through an essay or written response on the PSAT.

How Many Questions Don’t Count on the PSAT?

On the PSAT, all questions officially contribute to your final score, meaning there are no experimental or unscored questions like those sometimes found on other standardized tests. Every question in the Reading, Writing & Language, and Math sections is included in the scoring process, so students should approach each question with equal effort. Unlike the SAT, which occasionally includes experimental questions for research purposes, the PSAT is fully scored based on student performance. Since every question matters, test-takers should focus on accuracy and time management to maximize their overall score.

What Is the Average Score on the PSAT?

The average PSAT score typically falls around 920 to 1010 out of a total 1520. Since the PSAT is designed as a preparatory test for the SAT, its scoring scale is slightly lower, with section scores ranging from 160 to 760 for Math and Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW). A score of 920 to 1010 places a student near the 50th percentile, meaning they performed similarly to or better than half of all test-takers. Higher scores, such as 1100+, indicate above-average performance, while scores below 900 may suggest areas for improvement. Understanding the average PSAT score can help students gauge their strengths, set realistic SAT goals, and identify study areas for future improvement.

How Much Do You Need to Score for a PSAT Scholarship?

The PSAT/NMSQT (Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test) is used to determine eligibility for the National Merit Scholarship Program (NMSP). To qualify for recognition or scholarships, students must achieve a high Selection Index Score, which varies each year and by state.

National Merit Scholarship Qualification Scores

• The Selection Index Score is calculated by adding together the Reading, Writing & Language, and Math section scores, then multiplying by 2 (score range: 48–228).
• To qualify as a Commended Scholar, students generally need a Selection Index Score of around 207–212 (this varies by year).
• To become a Semifinalist, students must meet their state’s cutoff score, which typically ranges from 215 to 223 in most states, with more competitive states requiring higher scores.
• Finalists and National Merit Scholars are selected from Semifinalists based on further evaluation, including SAT scores, GPA, and extracurricular achievements.

Other Scholarships Based on PSAT Scores

Beyond National Merit, many colleges and organizations offer scholarships for students with high PSAT scores. Some universities provide automatic merit scholarships to National Merit Finalists, covering partial or full tuition. Additionally, corporate and state-sponsored National Merit Scholarships award financial aid based on PSAT performance and other criteria.

How to Increase Your Chances of a PSAT Scholarship

• Set a goal score based on your state’s previous National Merit cutoffs.
• Take official PSAT practice tests to familiarize yourself with the test format and improve weak areas.
• Strengthen your SAT skills, as National Merit Finalists often need a confirming SAT score for scholarship eligibility.
• Aim for a Selection Index Score of 215+ if you’re in a highly competitive state to maximize your chances.

To qualify for a PSAT-based scholarship, students typically need a Selection Index Score of 207+ for Commended recognition and 215–223+ for National Merit Semifinalist status, depending on the state. Achieving a high PSAT score can open doors to significant scholarship opportunities, reducing college costs and enhancing academic recognition.

What Level of Math Does the PSAT Cover?

The PSAT Math section covers Algebra I, Geometry, and some Algebra II concepts, making it slightly less advanced than the SAT. The test focuses on problem-solving, data analysis, and algebraic operations, with a smaller emphasis on more complex topics like quadratic equations and trigonometry. The math section is divided into two parts: one that allows calculator use and one that does not. While the PSAT does not include advanced pre-calculus or calculus, students should be comfortable with linear equations, systems of equations, functions, percentages, ratios, and basic statistics. Understanding these core math concepts and practicing problem-solving strategies can help students perform well on the PSAT and prepare for the more challenging math topics on the SAT.

How to Prepare for the PSAT

Preparing for the PSAT is an important step in building test-taking confidence and improving your SAT readiness. A well-structured study plan can help you strengthen your skills, improve your score, and even qualify for scholarships. Follow these steps to maximize your PSAT preparation:

1. Understand the PSAT Format and Content

Before diving into preparation, familiarize yourself with the PSAT structure, including:

• Sections: Reading, Writing & Language, and Math (with and without a calculator).
• Scoring: Ranges from 320 to 1520, with section scores from 160 to 760.
• Question Types: Multiple-choice and grid-in responses in the math section.

2. Take a Practice Test

A full-length PSAT practice test is the best way to assess your current skill level and identify areas for improvement. Use official College Board PSAT practice tests to simulate real testing conditions. After completing a test, analyze your incorrect answers to understand common mistakes.

3. Focus on Weak Areas

After identifying your weak spots, dedicate more time to improving them. For example:

• If you struggle with math, review Algebra I and II concepts and practice solving equations.
• If reading comprehension is a challenge, work on summarizing passages and identifying main ideas.
• If grammar is an issue, study sentence structure, punctuation, and commonly tested grammar rules.

4. Use High-Quality Study Materials

• Official PSAT Practice Tests from the College Board.
• Khan Academy’s SAT Prep (aligned with PSAT content).
• PSAT Prep Books from trusted publishers like Princeton Review or Barron’s.
• Online resources and apps like Quizlet for vocabulary practice.

5. Develop Test-Taking Strategies

• Time Management: Practice pacing yourself to ensure you finish each section on time.
• Answer Every Question: There’s no penalty for wrong answers, so make an educated guess if unsure.
• Eliminate Wrong Answers: Narrow down choices to improve your chances of selecting the correct one.
• Skip and Return: If a question is taking too long, move on and come back to it later.

6. Set a Study Schedule

Consistency is key—plan to study for at least 4-6 weeks before the test, with regular practice sessions each week. Allocate specific days for each section and increase your practice intensity as the test date approaches.

Final Tips

• Get plenty of rest the night before the test.
• Eat a balanced breakfast to stay focused.
• Arrive at the test center early with all required materials (ID, pencils, calculator).
• Stay calm and confident—remember, the PSAT is a practice test to help you prepare for the SAT.

By following these steps, you can approach the PSAT with confidence and maximize your chances of achieving a strong score.

Closing Thoughts

Hopefully, this guide has answered all your questions about the PSAT and provided you with the information you need to prepare effectively. Whether you were wondering about the test format, scoring, scholarships, or study strategies, the goal was to help you feel more confident going into the exam. If you still have any unanswered questions or need further clarification, feel free to leave a comment below! We’re happy to help and ensure you have all the resources needed to succeed on test day. Good luck with your PSAT preparation!